UPSC Key: Bulldozer justice, Semaglutide, and Lancet study on diabetes

Bulldozer Justice:

Bulldozer justice refers to actions allegedly undertaken by authorities to demolish or damage private or public property in the name of law enforcement or as a form of punishment without following due process or legal procedure.

The term “bulldozer justice” has been used to criticize actions by authorities, particularly in India, where bulldozers have been used to demolish homes and businesses of individuals accused of crimes or violating building codes.

Critics argue that bulldozer justice violates fundamental principles of the rule of law, due process, and the right to property. They also emphasize the potential for abuse and misuse of such actions, particularly against marginalized communities.

Semaglutide:

Semaglutide is a medication used to treat Type 2 diabetes and obesity.

It is a GLP-1 receptor agonist, which means it mimics the effects of a hormone called glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) that is produced naturally in the gut and helps regulate blood sugar levels and appetite.

By activating GLP-1 receptors, semaglutide stimulates insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon secretion, and slows gastric emptying. These actions collectively lead to lower blood sugar levels and reduced appetite, promoting weight loss.

Lancet Study on Diabetes:

A major study published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology journal examined the long-term effects of semaglutide on cardiovascular outcomes in people with Type 2 diabetes.

The study found that semaglutide significantly reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including heart attack, stroke, and cardiovascular death, by 26% compared to a placebo.

These findings suggest that semaglutide may offer additional benefits beyond blood sugar control and weight loss for people with Type 2 diabetes, potentially reducing their risk of developing serious cardiovascular complications.